contraindicated

In case of laryngeal edema, acute airway inflammation, laryngeal submucosal hematoma, endotracheal intubation is strictly prohibited unless emergency treatment; For severe tracheal malformation or displacement, tracheal intubation should be cautious to avoid larynx and tracheal injury caused by repeated trial insertion.

For patients with tracheal compression caused by active thoracic tumor, aneurysm rupture and hemorrhage may be caused during intubation, which is relatively contraindicated. If intubation is necessary, it must be operated by a skilled person, the action must be gentle, the depth of anesthesia must be appropriate, and choking and struggle must be avoided to avoid aneurysm rupture and hemorrhage.

Nasal endotracheal intubation is forbidden in patients with obstructed nasal passages, fibrohemangioma of nasopharynx, nasal polyps or recurrent nasal bleeding.

For those who do not have the basic knowledge and skills of intubation, imperfect equipment is a relative contraindication [1].

Matters needing attention

The choice of tracheal catheter should be determined by the patient's age, gender, body size and so on.

Intubation larynx should be well exposed, clear field of vision, gentle operation to prevent injury.

After the catheter is inserted into the trachea, it should be checked whether the breath sounds of both lungs are normal to prevent misheading into the bronchi, and then the catheter is fixed to prevent slipping, and at the same time to attract tracheal secretions, in order to check whether the catheter is unobstructed and whether there is distortion.

The endotracheal catheter should be inflated moderately, and the internal pressure is generally not higher than 4KPa(30mmHg). In the case of long-term indwelling, a short time of air release is needed for 4-6h